na INLIS000000000004637 20221019112946 0010-0621004237 221019 f 0 eng The New Book Of Knowledge Volume 20 Grolier Canada : Gralier, 1976 446 hlm. ; 26 cm. 0-7172-0507-x4 R.032.121 GRA t THE NEW BOOK OF KNOWLEDGE VOLUME 20 THE NEW BOOK OF KNOWLEDGE is new in every sense. It departs from the original set in everything from typeface to arrangement, from text to illustration. Its major advance, however, is in the extent to which it is related to the needs of modern children, both in school and at home. THE NEW BOOK OF KNOWLEDGE is written for the children of today, who are standing on the threshold of a new world. These children will be citizens of the 21sr century. They will travel in space, set up stations on the moon, build homes under the sea. Knowledge in every field is bursting its bonds. Old truths are becoming invalid,new truths are openingvistas never before imagined. Natural resources are being d-e.pleted,others must be found and harnessed to mans use. Todays children need an encyclopedia as different from those that have gone before as todays world is different from that of yesterday. Grolier set about creating such a new encyclopedia, one that would reach out, take hold of the world, and stop its furious spinning for a moment so that children could sit down and examine it. Over one thousand advisers and contributors, together with a staff of two hundred editori, artists, and related personnel, worked for six years to complete an alphabetically arranged, curriculum-oriented encyclopedia, one especially designed for todays requirements. .. THE NEW BOOK OF KNOWLEDGE will be useful to a wide range of readers, starting with pre-school children and including students in school up to the age when they are ready for an adult encyclopedia. For the very young child there are carefully selected illustrations wtrictr witt catch attention and provide early background, as will the various games and activities and the story material composed of recognized classics. parents will find material to read to pre-school children, both for pleasure and as answers to their questions. students will find a wealth of information and a clarification of concepts which will be useful in their schoolwork from the elementary level right up into high school. Activities, projects, and experiments are incorporated in order to increase the educational value of object articles. The content of THE NEW BOOK OF KNOWLEDGE was selected by educators who analyzed the curriculum requirements of school systems across the nation and by librarians familiar with the research needs of children. one of the several curriculum advisers, professor J. Harlan shores of the University of Illinois, is the 1966-67 president-Elect of the Association for Supervision and curriculum Development. one of the librarian advisers, Professor Mary v. Gaver of Rutgers-The state University, is the 1966-67 President of the American Library Association. THE NEW BOOK OF KNOWLEDGE is designed for the library and for the classroom as well as for educational use at home. The articles in THE NEw BooK oF KNOWLEDGE are written or reviewed by scholars and experts eminent in their fields. All articles a pageor more in length are signed-as are many of the shorter ones. The contributors or reviewers position appears with his signature so that readers can see immediately the writers authority. Many articles are signed not ACCURACY READABILITY ARRANGEMENT and AVAILABILITY Of INFORMATION only by an author but also by a reviewer. This is true of the articles on the countries of the world, for example, which have been written by experts in geography and then reviewed by distinguished nationals of the particular countries. The short, unsigned articles are written by staff editors, many of whom, in addition to being editors and subject-matter specialists, are authors in their own right. A complete list of the names and qualiflcations of all contributors, consultants, reviewers, and staff writers appears in Volume 20. To insure utmost accuracy, every article, frop, drawing, photograph, diagram, and chart is checked by a staff of skilled researchers. Whereverpossible, information is checked against primary sources. Where authorities disagree or information is unknown, the reader is so informed. An underlying principle of editorial policy is the presentation of fact, notopinion. Bias, subtle propaganda, and value words are scrupulously avoided. Constant editorial supervision is exercised to maintain consistency among related articles. The Dale-Chall readability formula is used to test the reading level of every article in THE NEW BOOK OF KNOWLEDGE. Professor Jeanne Chall, Harvard University, serves as reading consultant to THE NEW BOOK OF KNOWLEDGE. Under her direct supervision articles were tested with children to make certain the material was comprehensible, informative, and interesting. The reading level of subjects with special appeal for younger children is lower, while other articles, especially those requiring a technical vocabulary, are written at a higher level. The chief purpose of THE NEW BOOK OF KNOWLEDGE is to proyide accurate information. But the editors of THE NEW BOOK OF KNOWLEDGEmake every effort to present this factual information in a style of writing that will capture the interest and imagination of its readers. The type in which the set is printed was chosen as a result of careful research in typeface legibility conducted by a group of book designers. THE NEW BOOK OF KNOWLEDGE is organized alphabetically in unit letter volumes. Each volume contains an Index that is cross-referenced to the entire content of the set. Blue paper is used for the Index pages so that they can be easily identified and referred to. The Index, in addition to the usual Index entries, includes thousands of short, informational items whichwill be found particularly useful for quick reference by all members of a family. Articles and Index entries are arranged in straight alphabetical order, letter by letter to the comma, ignoring hierarchical orders. This filing arrangement is based on research conducted by Dr. J. Harlan Shores. University of Illinois, consultant to THE NEW BOOK OF KNOWLEDGE. Dr. Shores tested groups of 4th and 6th grade children with linle or no instruction in the use of reference books and a control group of children in the Casis Elementary School, Austin, Texas, who are level trained in using encyclopedias. The results in all cases overwhelmingly favored the letter-by-letter arrangement. In addition to the extensive use of See Also references following articles, THE NEW BOOK OF KNOWLEDGE includes 700 external cross-references for those items that are more appropriately covered in comprehensive articles. other devices employed to facilitate the finding of information include: placing guide wordi ai the bottom of each page close to the page number,placing I pug number on every page, or, where this is not possible, on e-very double of pages, in every volume,organizing long articles into shorter units through theiopious use of sideheads,presenting information in concise form -as fact summaries, chronologies, and lists of foreign words,and using boldface type rather than italics to emphasize important information.(libra). R.032.121 Ensiklopedi Inggris Pengetahuan 022835